Theory of Mind in Natural and Artificial Intelligence

This book serves as an introduction to Theory of Mind (ToM) in AI and Cognitive Science. The book provides an in-depth walk-through of core concepts: what ToM is, how we model ToM, what the applications of ToM are, and its relevance to both AI and Cognitive researchers.With the purpose of bridging multiple disciplines, this book curates contributions from leaders in Multi-Agent and Language experts, as well as Cognitive and Computational Psychologists, providing the reader with a comprehensive view of ToM and its real-world applications. It establishes a shared vocabulary for discussing ToM in AI, bridging interdisciplinary knowledge to guide informed and ethical research. Theory of Mind in Natural and Artificial Intelligence is also meant to be more than an introductory anthology. For active researchers, the book will serve as a reference point for learning about models and applications, for which they might not be aware. ToM is both a well-explored and uncharted field of research. The book presents current mapping and active research questions, aimed to provide researchers, junior and senior alike, with guidance and directions to explore the next frontiers of ToM.