Elements of Thermal Analysis and Thermomechanical Interactions Onboard Spacecraft

This book provides a systematic and self-contained framework for understanding and applying the principles of thermal analysis of satellites. It is structured to guide the readers from in orbit heat transfer fundamentals to complex system-level thermal balances and interactions. It begins with an overview of foundational conductive and radiative heat mechanisms, including radiative exchange among surfaces and view factors definition, supported by selected numerical examples. The thermal space environment is modelled with emphasis on the influence of Sun, Earth, and Albedo radiation on spacecraft heat loads, highlighting dependencies on orbital position, altitude, and attitude. Eclipse calculations for circular and elliptical orbits, including special GEO and LEO cases, are discussed with synoptic graphs and three-dimensional representations for quick reference. Thermal balance equations are developed progressively, from single-node to multi-node coupled models, accompanied by numerous exercises illustrating satellite temperature profiles. Propulsive and mechanical effects of solar radiation on spacecraft are introduced to explain the underlying principles of solar sailing. Thermomechanical interactions are illustrated through real mission case studies, demonstrating how thermal, orbital, attitude, and structural dynamics can interact from minor disturbances to severe energy-pumping mechanisms. Practical MATLAB codes cover all the main topics of the book, enabling readers to directly implement the concepts and explore thermal analysis methodologies in practice. This book’s dual focus on both fundamental science and engineering practice, combined with case studies and computational tools, makes it a valuable reference for practicing professionals and graduate students addressing modern space systems.