Borehole Heat Exchangers in Shallow Rock Masses

This open access book offers comprehensive and in-depth exploration of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) in shallow rock masses, via lens focusing on how geological structures and hydrogeological properties govern BHE characteristics, design, installation, and long-term performance. As geothermal heating and cooling systems with vertical boreholes emerge as a key solution for decarbonizing buildings and industrial processes, a critical challenge arises: a significant proportion of heat exchange boreholes will likely be installed in shallow bedrock (depths 1) what are the differences between the performances of BHEs placed in bedrock and unconsolidated layers? 2) what are the control factors behind these differences? and 3) what are the methodologies, techniques and tools to be employed in BHE-based projects in shallow bedrock? The discrete structure of rock masses and fluctuating bedrock groundwater induce pronounced spatial and seasonal variations in both thermal and mechanical properties of rock masses. Drawing on the author’s expertise, this book is written in a mechanism-driving approach: first analyzing the distinct hydrogeological and mechanical characteristics of rock masses; then deriving their governing mechanisms on geothermal capacity, subsurface energy balance, and BHE heat transfer ability; and ultimately proposing innovative methodologies for optimized BHE design and installation, environmental impact assessment, suitability classification, and feasibility evaluation of borehole thermal energy storage in shallow rock masses. Targeted at researchers, engineers, and educators, this book bridges theory and practice with balanced coverage on cutting-edge research, fundamental principles, and real-world case studies. This work not only advances scientific understanding but also provides actionable strategies to enhance the viability and implementation of geothermal heating/cooling systems worldwide.