Advances in NADPH Oxidases Research: From Molecules to Diseases

This book provides an up-to-date overview of the expanding roles of NADPH oxidases (Noxes) in human health and disease. Building on the earlier volume NADPH Oxidases Revisited: From Function to Structure , it shifts the focus toward the involvement of Nox enzymes in pathological mechanisms and their emerging relevance for therapeutic strategies. The book highlights the chemistry and functions of Nox-derived molecules, their roles in cytotoxic and signaling pathways, and the cooperation between Nox products and antioxidative defense systems in host tissues and pathogens. It also summarises recent advances in Nox biochemistry, synthesis and structural biology, illustrating how new mechanistic insights refine current models of enzyme activation and regulation. Further chapters address the cell biology of Nox activity, including subcellular organisation and dynamic control within immune and non-immune cells. A major section examines the contribution of Nox enzymes to a broad range of diseases—such as inflammation, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, infections and cancer—and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting Nox-mediated pathways. Three introductory essays portray the scientific contributions of key figures in the field, providing historical context and personal perspectives on the development of Nox research. Advances in NADPH Oxidases Research brings together molecular, cellular and translational insights, offering a concise yet comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians interested in the biology and medical relevance of NADPH oxidases.
This book provides an up-to-date overview of the multiple roles of NADPH oxidases (Noxes) in human health and disease. Building on the earlier volume NADPH Oxidases Revisited: From Function to Structure , it shifts the focus toward the involvement of Nox enzymes in pathogenic mechanisms and their emerging relevance for therapeutic strategies. The book highlights the biochemistry, structure, and function of Noxes, with emphasis on structural similarities, regulation of Nox expression, the molecular basis of conversion from resting to activated state, de novo cytochrome design, and their relation to voltage gated proton channels. The book contains a detailed description of Nox products serving as effectors of the microbicidal action of phagocytes (superoxide, peroxynitrite, heme peroxidases) and of the role of NADPH oxidases in inducing ferroptosis. It also places emphasis on the role of Nox-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), in signaling pathways, with hydrogen peroxide acting as a second messenger. Facing the Nox-derived cytotoxic effectors, the book offers several chapters focused on molecules responsible for antioxidative defense, namely, superoxide dismutases, thioredoxin reductases, and peroxiredoxins. The whole cell aspects of Nox action are addressed in chapters focused on the phagosome and on extracellular traps. A major part of the book deals, as expected from its title, with the contribution of Nox enzymes to the pathogenesis of a broad range of diseases, comprising Nox-related immunodeficiencies, liver fibrosis and cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, cardiovascular disease, and infertility — and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting Nox-mediated pathogenic pathways. Two essays, a recollection by and a homage to scientists who were active from the infancy of Nox research, serve as an introduction to the book, providing historical context and personal perspectives on the development of Nox research. Advances in NADPH Oxidases Research: From Molecules to Diseases brings together cellular, molecular, structural, and translational insights, offering a concise yet comprehensive resource for researchers and clinicians interested in the biology and medical relevance of NADPH oxidases.