Resilience, Multi-risk Assessment and Monitoring

This volume gathers the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Resilience, Multi-Risk Assessment and Monitoring (ICONREM), held in Florence, Italy, on June 16-19, 2026. The volume brings together a broad and multidisciplinary collection of contributions in multi-risk assessment, resilience governance, and decision-making, alongside emerging applications of artificial intelligence, Earth observation, digital twins, GIS–BIM, and data-driven modelling. Dedicated sections examine climate, environmental and hydro-geological resilience, including floods, heatwaves and landslides, as well as the resilience of infrastructure, transport networks and critical systems. Particular attention is devoted to cultural heritage, with contributions on multi-hazard risk assessment, structural monitoring, seismic behaviour, fire and wildfire risk, and conservation. The proceedings also showcase innovative approaches to seismic and structural resilience, including advanced isolation systems, retrofitting strategies, sustainable materials, and vulnerability assessment. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.